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Fail-Fast iterators ( ArrayList ) throw a ConcurrentModificationException if the collection is altered structurally while iterating. Fail-Safe iterators ( CopyOnWriteArrayList ) operate on a cloned copy of the collection, avoiding errors.
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Every chapter explicitly highlights frequently asked interview questions, complete with optimized code snippets and edge cases.
Internal implementation, resizing mechanics, and use cases for ArrayList , LinkedList , and Vector .
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Can have both abstract methods (without a body) and concrete methods (with a body). Use the abstract keyword. Cannot be directly instantiated.
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Core Java Notes by Natraj Sir: Comprehensive Guide and Free PDF Download
When reading the JVM or OOPs section, do not just read the text. Draw the memory allocation diagrams by hand to understand how variables move between the stack and heap.
Thread-safe versus non-thread-safe mutable string manipulations. 5. Exception Handling
Defining states and behaviors, object creation life cycle, and reference variables.